the Week of Proper 22 / Ordinary 27
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Bible Lexicons
Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #2192 - ἔχω
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- Strong
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- to have, i.e. to hold
- to have (hold) in the hand, in the sense of wearing, to have (hold) possession of the mind (refers to alarm, agitating emotions, etc.), to hold fast keep, to have or comprise or involve, to regard or consider or hold as
- to have i.e. own, possess
- external things such as pertain to property or riches or furniture or utensils or goods or food etc.
- used of those joined to any one by the bonds of natural blood or marriage or friendship or duty or law etc, of attendance or companionship
- to hold one's self or find one's self so and so, to be in such or such a condition
- to hold one's self to a thing, to lay hold of a thing, to adhere or cling to
- to be closely joined to a person or a thing
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this Strong's Number
ἔχω
(A), 2 sg. ἔχεισθα cj. in Thgn. 1316 (ἔχοισθα cod.), ἔχῃσθα cj. in Sapph. 21 (ἔχεισθα cod.); 2 sg. subj. ἔχῃσθα Il. 19.180: impf. εἶχον, ἔχον Od. 2.22, al., Ion. and poet. ἔχεσκον Il. 13.257, Hdt. 6.12, Epigr.Gr. 988.6 (Balbilla): fut. ἕξω, inf. ἑξέμεναι Call. Aet. 3.1.27 (of duration) or σχήσω (of momentary action, esp. in sense check, v. infr. A. 11.9, not found in Att. Inscrr. or NT); 2 sg. σχήσησθα h.Cer. 366 codd.: aor. 1 ἔσχης α f.l.in Nonn. D. 17.177, also ἔσχα IG 3.1363.6, 14.1728, 3 pl. μετ-έσχαν ib.12(7).271.12 (Amorgos, iii A.D.): aor. 2 ἔσχον, imper. σχές S. El. 1013, E. Hipp. 1353 (anap.) (σχέ only in Orac. ap. Sch. E. Ph. 638 (dub.l.), sts. in compds. in codd., as πάρασχε E. Hec. 842, κάτασχε Id. HF 1210); subj. σχῶ Il. 21.309, etc.; opt. σχοίην Isoc. 1.45, in compds. σχοῖμι (as μετάσχοιμι S. OC 1484 (lyr.), κατάσχοιμεν Th. 6.11); 3 pl. σχοίησαν Hyp. Eux. 32, σχοῖεν Th. 6.33; inf. σχεῖν Il. 16.520, etc., σχέμεν 8.254 (in Alexandr. Gr. 3 pl. impf. and aor. 2 εἴχοσαν AP 5.208 (Posidipp. or Ascl), v.l. in John 15:22, ἔσχοσαν Scymn. 695): for the poet. form ἔσχεθον, v. Σχέθω: pf. ἔσχηκα Pl. Lg. 765a, εἴσχηκα in Inscrr. of iii/i B.C., SIG 679.54, etc.; ὄχωκα is dub., v. συνόχωκα: — Med., impf. εἰχόμην Pi. P. 4.244, etc.: fut. ἕξομαι Il. 9.102, etc.; σχήσομαι ib. 235, Ar. Av. 1335, more freq. in compds. (ἀνα -) A. Th. 252, (παρα -) Lys. 9.8, etc.: pf. Pass. παρ-έσχημαι in med. sense, X. An. 7.6.11, etc.: aor. 2 ἐσχόμην Hom., Hdt. 6.85, rare in Att. exc. in compds.; imper. σχέο Il. 21.379, σχέσθε 22.416, later σχοῦ in compds. (ἀνά -) E. lon 947, etc.; inf. σχέσθαι Od. 4.422, Hes. Fr. 79: — Pass., fut. Med. ἐν-έξομαι in pass. sense, E. Or. 516, D. 51.11, later σχεθήσομαι Gal. UP 15.3, freq. in compds. (συ -) Phld. Ir. p.83 W., (ἐν -) Plu. 2.98 of, (ἐπι -) S.E. P. 1.186: aor. 1 ἐσχέθην Arr. An. 5.7.4, 6.11.2, Aret. SA 2.5, (κατ-, συν -) Plu. Sol. 21, Hp. Int. 45 vulg.: fut. Med. σχήσομαι in pass. sense, Il. 9.235 (dub.), 655, 13.630: aor. 2 Med. in pass. sense, ἐσχόμην Il. 17.696, al., Hdt. 1.31 (σχέτο Il. 7.248, 21.345), part. σχόμενος Od. 11.279, prob. in Isoc. 19.11, (κατα -) Pi. P. 1.10, Pl. Phdr. 244e, Parth. 33.2 (s.v.l.): pf. ἔσχημαι Paus. 4.21.2; also in compds., freq. written - ίσχημαι, -ήσχημαι in codd. of late authors. (I.- E. seĝh - (cf. Skt. sáhate 'overpower', Goth. sigis 'victory', Gr. ἔχ - dissim. fr. ἔχ -), reduced form sĝh -(σχ -), whence redupl. ἴσχω (= si-sĝh-o) (q.v.): cf. ἕκ-τωρ, ἕξω, ἕξις; but hέχ - IG 12.374.161, al., is a mere error (ἔχ - ib.12.116.4, 16).)
I
1. Trans., have, hold: I possess, of property, the most common usage, Od. 2.336, 16.386, etc.; οἵ τι ἔχοντες the propertied class, Hdt. 6.22; ὁ ἔχων a wealthy man, S. Aj. 157 (anap.); οἱ ἔχοντες E. Alc. 57, Ar. Eq. 1295, Pl. 596; οἱ οὐκ ἔχοντες the poor, E. Supp. 240; κακὸν τὸ μὴ 'χειν Id. Ph. 405; ἔχειν χρέα to have debts due to one, D. 36.41, cf. 37.12; to have received, θεῶν ἄπο κάλλος ἐ. h.Ven. 77; τι ἔκ τινος S. OC 1618; παρά τινος Id. Aj. 663; πρός τινος X. An. 7.6.33, etc.; ὑπὸ.. θεοῖσι h.Ap. 191; πλέον, ἔλασσον ἔ.. (v. h. vv.): in aor., acquire, get, ὄνομα E. Ion 997: also fut. σχήσω, δύναμιν Th. 6.6; λέχος E. Hel. 30, cf. Pi. P. 9.116: — Pass., to be possessed, ἔντεα.. μετὰ Τρώεσσιν ἔχονται Il. 18.130, cf. 197.
2. keep, have charge of, ἔχον πατρώϊα ἔργα Od. 2.22; κῆπον 4.737; Εἰλείθυιαι.. ὠδῖνας ἔχουσαι Il. 11.271; πύλαι.., ἃς ἔχον Ὧραι 5.749, 8.393; τὰς ἀγέλας X. Cyr. 7.3.7; διαιτητῶν ἐχόντων τὰς δίκας having control of, D. 47.45; to be engaged in, φυλακὰς ἔχον kept watch, Il. 9.1, 471; σκοπιὴν ἔχεν Od. 8.302; ἀλαοσκοπιὴν εἶχε Il. 10.515, 13.10; σκοπιὴν ἔ. τινός for a thing, Hdt. 5.13; δυσμενῶν θήραν ἔχων S. Aj. 564, etc.; ἐν χερσὶν ἔ. τι (v. χείρ). metaph., of a patient, οὐκ ἔχει ἑωυτόν is not himself, Hp. Int. 49.
3. c. acc. loci, inhabit, οὐρανόν Il. 21.267; Ὄλυμπον 5.890; haunt, [ Νύμφαι] ἔχουσ' ὀρέων αἰπεινὰ κάρηνα Od. 6.123; Βρόμιος ἔχει τὸν χῶρον A. Eu. 24; esp. of tutelary gods and heroes, Th. 2.74, X. Cyr. 8.3.24; of men, πόλιν καὶ γαῖαν Od. 6.177, 195, etc.; Θήβας ἔσχον (ἔσχεν codd.) ruled it, E. HF 4; ἔχεις γὰρ χῶρον occupiest it, S. OC 37, cf. Od. 23.46; in military sense, ἔ. τὸ δεξιόν (with or without κέρας) Th. 3.107, X. An. 2.1.15; of beasts, τὰ ὄρη ἔ. Id. Cyn. 5.12.
4. have to wife or as husband (usu. without γυναῖκα, ἄνδρα), οὕνεκ' ἔχεις Ἑλένην καί σφιν γαμβρὸς Διός ἐσσι Od. 4.569, cf. 7.313, Il. 3.53, etc.; ἔσχε ἄλλην ἀδελφεήν Hdt. 3.31, cf. Th. 2.29; νυμφίον Call. Aet. 3.1.27; also of a lover, Th. 6.54, AP 5.185 (Posidipp.), etc.; ἔχω Λαΐδα, ἀλλ' οὐκ ἔχομαι Aristipp. ap. D.L. 2.75, cf. Ath. 12.544d: — in Pass., τοῦ περ θυγάτηρ ἔχεθ' Ἕκτορι Il. 6.398.
5. have in one's house, entertain, Od. 17.515, 20.377, h.Ven. 231, 273.
6. pres. part. with Verbs, almost, = with, ἤϊε ἔχων ταῦτα Hdt. 3.128, cf. 2.115; ὃς ἂν ἥκῃ ἔχων στρατόν Id. 7.8. δ ', cf. X. Cyr. 1.6.10. — Prose use.
7. of Place, ἐπ' ἀριστερὰ ἔ. τι keep it on one's left, i.e. to keep to the right of it, Od. 3.171; ἐπ' ἀριστερὰ χειρὸς ἔ. 5.277; ἐν δεξιᾷ, ἐν ἀριστερᾷ ἔ., Th. 3.106; τοὺς οἰκέτας ὑστάτους ἔ. X. Cyr. 4.2.2: but in aor., get, περιπλώοντες τὴν Λιβύην τὸν ἥλιον ἔσχον ἐς τὰ δεξιά Hdt. 4.42.
8. of Habits, States, or Conditions, bodily or mental, γῆρας λυγρὸν ἔ Od. 24.250; ἀνεκτὸν ἔχει κακόν 20.83; ἕλκος Il. 16.517; λύσσαν 9.305; μάχην ἔ. 14.57; ἀρετῆς πέρι δῆριν ἔ. Od. 24.515; ὕβριν ἔ. indulge in.., 1.368, etc.; [ Ἀφροδίτην ] 22.445; [ φρένας] ἔ. Il. 13.394, etc.; βουλήν 2.344; τλήμονα θυμόν 5.670; τόνδε νόον καὶ θυμὸν ἐνὶ στήθεσσιν ἔχοντες 4.309, cf. Od. 14.490 (for later senses of νοῦν ἔχειν, v. νοῦς) ; ἄλγεα Il. 5.895, etc.; ἄχεα θυμῷ 3.412; πένθος μετὰ φρεσίν 24.105; πένθος φρεσίν Od. 7.219; πόνον.. καὶ ὀϊζύν Il. 13.2, Od. 8.529; οὐδὲν βίαιον Hdt. 3.15; πρήγματα ἔ. Id. 7.147, cf. Pl. Tht. 174b, etc.: in periphrastic phrases, ποθὴν ἔ. τινός, = ποθεῖν, Il. 6.362; ἐπιδευὲς ἔ. τινός, = ἐπιδεύεσθαι, 19.180; ἔ. τέλος, = τελεῖσθαι, 18.378; κότον ἔ. τινί, = κοτεῖσθαι, 13.517; ἐπιθυμίαν τινός E. Andr. 1281; φροντίδα τινός Id. Med. 1301; ἡσυχίην ἔ. keep quiet, Hdt. 2.45, etc. (fut. ἡσυχίαν ἕξειν D. 47.29, but οὐκ ἔσθ' ὅπως.. ἡ. σχήσει will not keep still for a moment, Id. 1.14); αἰτίαν ἔ. to be accused, X. An. 7.1.8; ὑπό τινος A. Eu. 99 (but μομφὴν ἔ., = μέμφεσθαι, E. Or. 1069, A. Pr. 445): in aor., of entering upon a state, ἔσχεν χόλον conceived anger, B. 5.104; ἔχειν τι κατά τινος have something against somebody, Matthew 5:23, Mark 11:25, Revelation 2:4; ἔχω τι πρός τινα Acts 24:19; ἔχειν πρός τινα 2 Corinthians 5:12; ἕξει πρὸς τὸν Θεόν JRS 14.85 (Laodicea): — these phrases are freq. inverted, οὓς ἔχε γῆρας Il. 18.515; οὐδὲ Ποσειδάωνα γέλως ἔχε Od. 8.344; ἀμηχανίη δ' ἔχε θυμόν 9.295; θάμβος δ' ἔχεν εἰσορόωντας Il. 4.79; σ' αὔτως κλέος ἐσθλὸν ἔχει 17.143; Διὸς αἴσῃ, ἥ μ' ἕξει παρὰ νηυσί 9.609 (unless the antecedent is τιμῆς in 1.608); ὥς σφεας ἡσυχίη τῆς πολιορκίης ἔσχε Hdt. 6.135; ὄφρα με βίος ἔχῃ S. El. 225 (lyr.): c. dupl. acc., φόβος μ' ἔχει φρένας A. Supp. 379; also of external objects, αἴθρη ἔχει κορυφήν Od. 12.76; μιν ἔχεν μένος ἠελίοιο 10.160; σε οἶνος ἔχει φρένας 18.331; ἔχῃ βέλος ὀξὺ γυναῖκα, of a woman in travail, Il. 11.269; λόγος ἔχει τινά c. inf., the story goes, that.., S. OC 1573 (lyr.); and so in later Gr., Plu. Dem. 28, Ph. 1.331, Ael. VH 3.14, NA 5.42, Ath. 13.592e; ὡς ἡ φάτις μιν ἔχει Hdt. 7.3, cf. 5, 26, 9.78 (but also ἔχει φάτιν Διονυσοφάνης θάψαι Μαρδόνιον Id. 9.84; [ Κλεισθένης] λόγον ἔχει τὴν Πυθίην ἀναπεῖσαι Id. 5.66); ὡς ἂν λόγος ἔχῃ πρὸς ἀνθρώπους, ὅτι.. Plu. Alex. 38: — Pass., ἔχεσθαι κακότητι καὶ ἄλγεσι Od. 8.182; κωκυτῷ καὶ οἰμωγῇ Il. 22.409; ὀργῇ Hdt. 1.141; νούσῳ Hp. Epid. 5.6; ἀγρυπνίῃσι Hdt. 3.129; ὑπὸ πυρετοῦ Hp. Aph. 4.34; ὑπὸ τοῦ ὕδρωπος Id. Prorrh. 2.6, ἐν ἀπόρῳ Th. 1.25; ἐν συμφοραῖς Pl. R. 395e.
9. possess mentally, understand, ἵππων δμῆσιν Il. 17.476; τέχνην Hes. Th. 770; πάντ' ἔχεις λόγον A. Ag. 582, cf. E. Alc. 51; ἔχετε τὸ πρᾶγμα S. Ph. 789; ἔχεις τι; do you understand ? Ar. Nu. 733: imper. ἔχε attend! listen ! Pl. Alc. 1.109b; ἔ. οὖν ib. 129b: with imper., ἔχ', ἀποκάθαιρε Ar. Pax 1193; ἔ. νυν, ἄλειψον Id. Eq. 490; ἔχεις τοῦτο ἰσχυρῶς; Pl. Tht. 154a; know of a thing, μαντικῆς ὁδόν S. OT 311; τινὰ σωτηρίαν; E. Or. 778 (troch.).
10. keep up, maintain, καναχὴν ἔχε made a rattling noise, Il. 16.105, 794; βοὴν ἔχον, of flutes and lyres, 18.495.
11. involve, admit of, τά γ' αἰσχρὰ κἀνθάδ' αἰσχύνην ἔχει E. Andr. 244, cf. Th. 1.5; βάσανον Lys. 12.31; ταῦτ' ἀπιστίαν, ταῦτ' ὀργὴν ἔχει D. 10.44; ἀγανάκτησιν, κατάμεμψιν, Th. 2.41; τὰ ἀόρατα νοσήματα δυσχερεστέραν ἔχει τὴν θεραπείαν Onos. 1.15.
12. of Measure or Value, τὸ Δαμαρέτειον.. εἶχε Ἀττικὰς δραχμὰς δέκα D.S. 11.26; ἔχει τὸ Εὐβοϊκὸν τάλαντον Ἀλεξανδρείους δραχμὰς ἑπτακισχιλίας App. Sic. 2.2; χοῖρος ἔχων τὸ ὕψος δύο καὶ ἡμίσους πήχεων Ptol.Euerg. 9. Geom., ἡ ἔχουσα τὰ κέντρα the (straight line) containing the centres, Archim. Aequil. 1.6; ὁ κύκλος ἔχων τὸ πολύγωνον the circle containing (circumscribing) the polygon, Id. Sph.Cyl. 1.23.
13. c. dupl.acc., Ὀρφέα ἄνακτ' ἔχειν E. Hipp. 953; Ζῆν' ἔχειν ἐπώμοτον S. Tr. 1188; παιδιὰν ἔ. τὸν ἐκείνου θάνατον Seleuc. Alex. ap. Ath. 4.155e.
II hold:
1 hold, ἔ. χερσίν, ἐν χερσίν, μετὰ χερσίν, etc., v. χείρ; μετὰ γαμφηλῇσιν ἔ. Il. 13.200; πρόσθεν ἔ. ἀσπίδα ib. 157; ὑψοῦ, πασάων ὑπέρ, ὄπιθεν κάρη ἔ., 6.509, Od. 6.107, Il. 23.136; ἔ. τινί τι to hold it for him, as his helper, 9.209, 13.600; uphold, οὐρανὸν.. κεφαλῇ τε καὶ ἀκαμάτῃσι χέρεσσι Hes. Th. 517, 746; ἔχει δέ τε κίονας of Atlas, Od. 1.53; ἐπ' ὤμων πατέρα S. Fr. 373.
2. hold fast, χειρὸς ἔχων Μενέλαον holding him by the hand, Il. 4.154, cf. 16.763, 11.488 (v. infr. C.I); ἔ. τινὰ μέσον grip one by the middle, of wrestlers, Ar.
ἔχω
(B),
bear, carry, bring, imper. ϝεχέτω Schwyzer 686.24 (Pamphyl., iv B. C.): 3 sg. aor. 1 ἔϝεξε brought as an offering, Inscr.Cypr. 66 H. (Cf. Skt. váhati, Lat. veho, Γαιάϝοχος.)
ἔχω; future ἕξω; imperfect εἶχον (1 person plural ἐιχαμεν, 2 John 1:5 T Tr WH), 3 person plural ἐιχαν (Mark 8:7 L T Tr WH; Revelation 9:8 L T Tr WH; but cf. (Sophocles Lexicon, Introduction, p. 38; Tdf. Proleg., p. 123; WHs Appendix, p. 165); Buttmann, 40 (35)) and εἴχοσαν (L T Tr WH in John 15:22, 24; but cf. Alexander Buttmann (1873) in Theol. Studien und Kritiken 1858, pp. 485ff 491; see his N. T. Gr., p. 43 (37); (Sophocles Lexicon, Introduction, p. 39; Tdf. Proleg., p. 124; WHs Appendix, p. 165; cf. δολιόω)); present middle participle ἐχόμενος; to have — with 2 aorist active ἔσχον; perfect ἔσχηκα;
I. Transitively.
1. to have equivalent to to hold;
a. to have (hold) in the hand: τί ἐν τῇ χειρί, Revelation 1:16; Revelation 6:5; Revelation 10:2; Revelation 17:4; and simply, Revelation 5:8; Revelation 8:3, 6; Revelation 14:6, etc.; Hebrews 8:3.
b. in the sense of wearing (Latingestare); of garments, arms and the like: τό ἔνδυμα, Matthew 3:4; Matthew 22:12; κατά κεφαλῆς ἔχων, namely, τί, having a covering hanging down from the head, i. e. having the head covered (Buttmann, § 130, 5; Winer's Grammar, § 47, k. cf. 594 (552)), 1 Corinthians 11:4; θώρακας, Revelation 9:17; μάχαιραν, John 18:10; add Matthew 26:7; Mark 14:3; of a tree having (bearing) leaves, Mark 11:13; ἐν γαστρί ἔχειν, namely, ἔμβρυον, to be pregnant (cf. Winers Grammar, 594 (552); Buttmann, 144 (126)) (see γαστήρ, 2). Metaphorically, ἐν ἑαυτῷ ἔχειν τό ἀπόκριμα, 2 Corinthians 1:9; τήν μαρτυρίαν, 1 John 5:10; ἐν καρδία ἔχειν τινα, to have (carry) one in one's heart, to love one constantly, Philippians 1:7.
c. tropically, to have (hold) possession of the mind; said of alarm, agitating emotions, etc.: ἐίχειν αὐτάς τρόμος καί ἔκστασις, Mark 16:8 (Job 21:6; Isaiah 13:8, and often in secular authors; cf. Passow, under the word, p. 1294f; (Liddell and Scott, under the word, A. I. 8)).
d. to hold fast, keep: ἡ μνᾶ σου, ἥν εἶχον ἀποκειμένην ἐν σουδαρίῳ, Luke 19:20; tropically, τόν Θεόν ἔχειν ἐν ἐπιγνώσει, Romans 1:28; to keep in mind, τάς ἐντολάς, John 14:21 (see ἐντολή, under the end); τήν μαρτυρίαν, Revelation 6:9; Revelation 12:17; Revelation 19:10; τό μυστήριον τῆς πίστεως ἐν καθαρά συνειδήσει, 1 Timothy 3:9; ὑποτύπωσιν ὑγιαινόντων λόγων, 2 Timothy 1:13.
e. to have (in itself or as a consequence), comprise, involve: ἔργον, James 1:4; James 2:17; κόλασιν, 1 John 4:18; μισθαποδοσίαν, Hebrews 10:35 (Wis. 8:16). See examples from Greek authors in Passow, under the word, p. 1296f; (Liddell and Scott, see A. I. 8 and 10).
f. by a Latinism equivalent toaestimo, to regard, consider, hold as (but this sense is still denied by Meyer, on Luke as below; Matthew 14:5): τινα with the accusative of the predicate, ἔχε με παρῃτημένον, have me excused, Luke 14:18; τινα ὡς προφήτην, Matthew 14:5; Matthew 21:26 (ἔχειν Ἰαννην καί Ἰαμβρην ὡς Θεούς, Ev. Nicod. 5); τινα ἔντιμον (see ἔντιμος), Philippians 2:29; τήν ψυχήν μου (G omits μου) τιμίαν ἐμαυτῷ, Acts 20:24 R G; τινα εἰς προφήτην (a Hebraism (see εἰς, B. II. 3 c. Ψ. at the end)), for a prophet, Matthew 21:46 L T Tr WH, cf. Buttmann, § 131, 7; τινα, ὅτι ὄντως (T Tr WH ὄντως, ὅτι etc.) προφήτης ἦν, Mark 11:32, cf. Buttmann, § 151, 1 a.; (Winer's Grammar, § 66, 5 a.).
2. to have equivalent to to own, possess;
a. external things such as pertain to property, riches, furniture, utensils, goods, food, etc.: as τόν βίον, Luke 21:4; 1 John 3:17; κτήματα, Matthew 19:22; Mark 10:22; θησαυρόν, Matthew 19:21; Mark 10:21; ἀγαθά, Luke 12:19; πρόβατα Luke 15:4; John 10:16; δραχμάς, Luke 15:8; πλοῖα, Revelation 18:19; κληρονομίαν, Ephesians 5:5; (cf. Matthew 21:38 LT Tr WH, where R G κατάσχωμεν); μέρος followed by ἐν with the dative of the thing, Revelation 20:6; θυσιαστήριον, Hebrews 13:10; ὅσα ἔχεις, Mark 10:21; Mark 12:44; Matthew 13:44, 46; Matthew 18:25; μηδέν, 2 Corinthians 6:10; τί δέ ἔχεις, ὁ etc. 1 Corinthians 4:7; with a predicate accusative added, εἶχον ἅπαντα κοινά, Acts 2:44; absolutely ἔχειν, to have property, to be rich: οὐκ and μή ἔχειν (A. V. to have not), to be destitute, be poor, Matthew 13:12; Matthew 25:29; Mark 4:25; Luke 8:18; Luke 19:26; 1 Corinthians 11:22; 2 Corinthians 8:12 (Nehemiah 8:10; 1 Esdr. 9:51, 54; Sir. 13:5; examples from Greek authors in Passow, under the word, p. 1295b; (Liddell and Scott, under the word, A. I. l; cf. Winer's Grammar, 594 (552))); ἐκ τοῦ ἔχειν, in proportion to your means (see ἐκ, II. 13 at the end), 2 Corinthians 8:11.
b. Under the head of possession belongs the phrase ἔχειν τινα as commonly used of those joined to anyone by the bonds of nature, blood, marriage, friendship, duty, law, compact, and the like: πατέρα, John 8:41; ἀδελφούς, Luke 16:28; ἄνδρα (a husband), John 4:17; Galatians 4:27; γυναῖκα, 1 Corinthians 7:2, 12f, 29; τέκνα, Matthew 21:28; Matthew 22:24; 1 Timothy 3:4; Titus 1:6; υἱούς, Galatians 4:22; σπέρμα, offspring, Matthew 22:25; χήρας, 1 Timothy 5:16; ἀσθενοῦντας, Luke 4:40; φίλον, Luke 11:5; παιδαγωγούς, 1 Corinthians 4:15; ἔχειν κύριον, to have (be subject to) a master, Colossians 4:1; δεσπότην, 1 Timothy 6:2; βασιλέα, John 19:15; with ἐφ' ἑαυτῶν added, Revelation 9:11; ἔχει τόν κρίνοντα αὐτόν, John 12:48; ἔχειν οἰκονόμον, Luke 16:1; δοῦλον, Luke 17:7; ἀρχιερέα, Hebrews 4:14; Hebrews 8:1; ποιμένα, Matthew 9:36; ἔχων ὑπ' ἐμαυτόν στρατιώτας, Luke 12:8; ἔχειν τόν υἱόν καί τόν πατέρα, to be in living union with the Son (Christ) and the Father by faith, knowledge, profession, 1 John 2:23; (1 John 5:12); 2 John 1:9. With two accusatives, one of which serves as a predicate: πατέρα τόν Ἀβραάμ, Abraham for our father, Matthew 3:9; add, Acts 13:5; Philippians 3:17; Hebrews 12:9; ἔχειν τινα γυναῖκα, to have (use) a woman (unlawfully) as a wife, Matthew 14:4; Mark 6:18; 1 Corinthians 5:1 (where see Meyer) (of lawful marriage, Xenophon, Cyril 1, 5, 4).
c. of attendance or companionship: ἔχειν τινα μεθ' ἑαυτοῦ, Matthew 15:30; Matthew 26:11; Mark 2:19; Mark 14:7; John 12:8.
d. ἔχειν τί to have a thing in readiness, have at hand, have in store: οὐκ ἔχομεν εἰ μή πέντε ἄρτους, Matthew 14:17; add, Matthew 15:34; John 2:3 (not Tdf.);
e. a person or thing is said ἔχειν those things which are its parts or are members of his body: as χεῖρας, πόδας, ὀφθαλμούς, Matthew 18:8; Mark 9:43, 45, 47; οὖς, Revelation 2:7, 11, etc.; ὦτα, Matthew 11:15; Mark 7:16 (T WH omit; Tr brackets the verse); Mark 8:18; μέλη, Romans 12:4; 1 Corinthians 12:12; σάρκα καί ὀστέα, Luke 24:39; ἀκροβυστίαν, Acts 11:3; an animal is said ἔχειν head, horns, wings, etc.: Revelation 4:7; Revelation 5:6; Revelation 8:9; Revelation 9:8ff; 12:3, etc.; a house, city, or wall, ἔχειν θεμελίους, Hebrews 11:10; Revelation 21:14; στάσιν, Hebrews 9:8; (add ἐπιστολήν ἔχουσαν (R G περιέχουσαν) τόν τύπον τοῦτον, Acts 23:25).
f. one is said to have the diseases or other ills with which he is affected or afflicted: μάστιγας, Mark 3:10; ἀσθενείας, Acts 28:9; wounds, Revelation 13:14; θλῖψιν, John 16:33; 1 Corinthians 7:28; Revelation 2:10. Here belong the expressions δαιμόνιον ἔχειν, to be possessed by a demon, Matthew 11:18; Luke 7:33; Luke 8:27; John 7:20; John 8:48f, 52; John 10:20; Βηλζεβουλ, Mark 3:22; πνεῦμα ἀκάθαρτον, Mark 3:30; Mark 7:25; Luke 4:33; Acts 8:7; πνεῦμα πονηρόν, Acts 19:13; πνεῦμα ἀσθενείας, i. e. a demon causing infirmity, Luke 13:11; πνεῦμα ἄλαλον, Mark 9:17; λεγεῶνα, Mark 5:15.
g. one is said to have intellectual or spiritual faculties, endowments, virtues, sensations, desires, emotions, affections, faults, defects, etc.: σοφίαν, Revelation 17:9; γνῶσιν, 1 Corinthians 8:1, 10; χαρίσματα, Romans 12:6; προφητείαν, 1 Corinthians 13:2; πίστιν, Matthew 17:20; Matthew 21:21; Mark 11:22; Luke 17:6; Acts 14:9; Romans 14:22; 1 Timothy 1:19; Philemon 1:5; πεποίθησιν, 2 Corinthians 3:4; Philippians 3:4; παρρησίαν, Philemon 1:8; Hebrews 10:19; 1 John 2:28; 1 John 3:21; 1 John 4:17; 1 John 5:14; ἀγάπην, John 5:42; John 13:35; John 15:13; 1 John 4:16; 1 Corinthians 13:1ff; 2 Corinthians 2:4; Philippians 2:2; Philemon 1:5; 1 Peter 4:8; ἐλπίδα (see ἐλπίς, 2, p. 206a middle); ζῆλον, zeal, Romans 10:2; envy, jealousy (ἐν τῇ καρδία), James 3:14; χάριν τίνι, to be thankful to one, Luke 17:9; 1 Timothy 1:12; 2 Timothy 1:3; θυμόν, Revelation 12:12; ὑπομονήν, Revelation 2:3; φόβον, 1 Timothy 5:20; χαράν, Philemon 1:7 (Rec.st χάριν); 3 John 1:4 (WH text χάριν); λύπην, John 16:21; 2 Corinthians 2:3; Philippians 2:27; ἐπιθυμίαν, Philippians 1:23; ἐπιποθίαν, Romans 15:23; μνείαν τίνος, 1 Thessalonians 3:6. συνείδησιν καλήν, ἀγαθήν, ἀπρόσκοπον: Acts 24:16; 1 Timothy 1:19; 1 Peter 3:16; Hebrews 13:18; συνείδησιν ἁμαρτιῶν, Hebrews 10:2; ἀγνωσίαν Θεοῦ, 1 Corinthians 15:34; ἀσθένειαν, Hebrews 7:28; ἁμαρτίαν, John 9:41; John 15:22, etc. h. of age and time: ἡλικίαν, mature years (A. V. to be of age), John 9:21, 23; ἔτη, to have (completed) years, be years old, John 8:57; with ἐν τίνι added: in a state or condition, John 5:5 (Winers Grammar, 256 (240) note{3}; Buttmann, § 147, 11); in a place, τέσσαρας ἡμέρας ἐν τῷ μνημείῳ, John 11:17; beginning or end, or both, Hebrews 7:3; Mark 3:26; Luke 22:37 (see τέλος, 1 a.). i. ἔχειν τί is said of opportunities, benefits, advantages, conveniences, which one enjoys or can make use of: βάθος γῆς, Matthew 13:5; γῆν πολλήν, Mark 4:5; ἰκμάδα, Luke 8:6; καιρόν, Galatians 6:10; Hebrews 11:15; Revelation 12:12; ἐξουσίαν, see ἐξουσία, passim; εἰρήνην διά τίνος, Romans 5:1 (where we must read ἔχομεν, not (with T Tr WH L marginal reading (cf. WH. Introductory § 404)) ἔχωμεν); ἐλευθερίαν, Galatians 2:4; πνεῦμα Θεοῦ, 1 Corinthians 7:40; πνεῦμα Χριστοῦ, Romans 8:9; νοῦν Χριστοῦ, 1 Corinthians 2:16; ζωήν, John 5:40; John 10:10; John 20:31; τήν ζωήν, 1 John 5:12; ζωήν αἰώνιον, Matthew 19:16; John 3:15f, 36 (cf. Winer's Grammar, 266 (249));
II. Intransitively.
a. (Latinme habeo) to hold oneself or find oneself so and so, to be in such or such a condition: ἑτοίμως ἔχω, to be ready, followed by an infinitive, Acts 21:13; 2 Corinthians 12:14; 1 Peter 4:5 (not WH); ἐσχάτως (see ἐσχάτως), Mark 5:23; κακῶς, to be sick, Matthew 4:24; Matthew 8:16; Matthew 9:12; (
b. impersonally: ἄλλως ἔχει, it is otherwise, 1 Timothy 5:25; οὕτως, Acts 7:1; Acts 12:15; Acts 17:11; Acts 24:9; τό νῦν, ἔχον, as things now are, for the present, Acts 24:25 (Tobit 7:11, and examples from later secular authors in Kypke, Observations, 2, p. 124; cf. Vig. ed. Herm., p. 9; (cf. Winer's Grammar, 463 (432))).
III. Middle έ᾿χομαι τίνος (in Greek writings from Homer down), properly, to hold oneself to a thing, to lay hold of a thing, to adhere or cling to; to be closely joined to a person or thing (cf. Winers Grammar, 202 (190); Buttmann, 192 (166f), 161 (140)): τά ἐχόμενα τῆς σωτηρίας, Vulg. viciniora saluti, connected with salvation, or which lead to it, Hebrews 6:9, where cf. Bleek; ὁ ἐχόμενος, near, adjoining, neighboring, bordering, next: of place, κωμοπόλεις, Mark 1:38 (νῆσος, Isocrates paneg. § 96; οἱ ἐχόμενοι, neighbors, Herodotus 1, 134); of time, τῇ ἐχομένῃ namely, ἡμέρα, the following day, Luke 13:33; Acts 20:15 (1 Macc. 4:28; Polybius 3, 112, 1; 5, 13, 9); with ἡμέρα added, Acts 21:26; σαββάτῳ, Acts 13:44 (where R T Tr WH text ἐρχομένῳ); ἐνιαυτῷ, 1 Macc. 4:28 (with variant ἐρχομένῳ ἐνιαυτῷ); τοῦ ἐχομενου ἔτους, Thucydides 6, 3. (Compare: ἀνέχω, προσανέχω, ἀντέχω, ἀπέχω, ἐνέχω, ἐπέχω, κατέχω, μετέχω, παρέχω, περιέχω, προέχω, προσέχω, συνέχω, ὑπέρχω, ὑπέχω.)
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ἔχω ,
[in LXX for H681 (ἐχόμενος ), H1167, H3426, etc., 59 words in all;]
(on the Aktionsart of the various tenses, v. M, Pr., 110, 145, 150, 183), to have, as in cl., in various senses and constructions.
I. Trans.;
1. to have, hold, hold fast, etc.;
(a) to hold, as, in the hand: Revelation 5:8; Revelation 14:6, al.; ἐν τ . χειρί , Revelation 1:16; Revelation 10:2, al.;
(b) of arms and clothing, = φέρω , φορέω , to bear, wear: Matthew 3:4; Matthew 22:12, al.; so freq. Pres. ptcp. (LS, s.v., A, I, 6; Bl., § 74, 2), Mark 11:13, John 18:10, Revelation 9:17, al.;
(c) of a woman, ἐν γαστρὶ ἔ . (κοίτην ἔ .), to be with child: Mark 13:17, Romans 9:10;
(d) to hold fast, keep: Luke 19:20; metaph., of the mind and conduct, Mark 16:8 (cf. Job 21:6, Isaiah 13:8; Deiss., BS, 293; Field, Notes, 44 f.), John 14:21, Romans 1:28, 1 Timothy 3:9, 2 Timothy 1:13, Revelation 6:9, al.;
(e) to involve: Hebrews 10:35 (LXX) James 1:4, 1 John 4:18;
(f) = Lat. habere (Bl., § 34, 5; 73, 5), to hold, consider: c. acc et predic. ptcp., Luke 14:18; c. acc, seq. ὡς , Matthew 14:5; εἰς (Hebraism), Matthew 21:46; ὅτι (131., § 70, 2), Mark 11:32.
2. to have, possess;
(a) in general, c. acc rei: Matthew 19:22, Mark 10:22, Luke 12:19, John 10:16, 1 Corinthians 11:22, al.; of wealth or poverty, absol., ἔχειν (neg. οὐκ , μή ), Matthew 13:12; Matthew 25:29, 2 Corinthians 8:12; ἐκ τ . ἔχειν , according to your means, 2 Corinthians 8:11;
(b) of relationship, association, etc.: πατέρα , John 8:41; γυναῖκα (MM, xiv), 1 Corinthians 7:2; φίλον , Luke 11:5; βασιλέα , John 19:15; ποιμένα , Matthew 9:36; c. dupl. acc, Matthew 3:9, al.;
(c) of parts or members: ὦτα , Matthew 9:15; μέλη , Romans 12:4; θεμελίους , Hebrews 11:10;
(d) c. acc, as periphrasis of verb: μνεῖαν ἔ . (= μεμνῆσθαι ), 1 Thessalonians 3:6; ἀγάπην , John 13:35; γνῶσιν , 1 Corinthians 8:1; πεποίθησιν , 2 Corinthians 3:4; θλίψιν , John 16:33, etc. (Thayer, s.v., I, 2, f., g.);
(e) of duty, necessity, etc.: ἀνάγκην , 1 Corinthians 7:37; νόμον , John 19:7; ἐπιταγήν , 1 Corinthians 7:25; ἀγῶνα , Philippians 1:30; κρίμα , 1 Timothy 5:12;
(f) of complaints and disputes; κατά , c. gen. pers., Matthew 5:23, Mark 11:25; id. seq. ὅτι , Revelation 2:4; Revelation 2:20; c. acc seq. πρός , Acts 24:19, al.;
(g) c. inf.,
(α ) (cl.) to be able (Field, Notes, 14): Matthew 18:25, Mark 14:8 (sc. ποιῆσαι ), Luke 12:4, Acts 4:14, al.;
(β ) of necessity (El., § 69, 4): Luke 12:50, Acts 23:17-19; Acts 28:19.
II. Intrans. (B1., § 53, 1), to be in a certain condition: ἑτοίμως ἔ , c. inf., Acts 21:13, 2 Corinthians 12:14; ἐσχάτως (q.v.), Mark 5:23; κακῶς to be ill, Matthew 4:24, al.; καλῶς , Mark 16:18; κομψότερον , John 4:52; πῶς , Acts 15:36; impers., ἄλλως ἔχει , it is otherwise, 1 Timothy 5:25; οὕτως , Acts 7:1, al.; τὸ - νῦν ἔχον , as things now are (Tobit 7:11), Acts 24:26.
III. Mid., -ομαι , to hold oneself fast, hold on or cling to, be next to: c. gen., τ . ἐχόμενα σωτηρίας , Hebrews 6:9 (Rendall, in I.); ptcp., ὁ ἐχόμενος , near, next: of place, Mark 1:38; of time, τ . ἐχομένῃ (ἡμέρᾳ , expressed or understood), Luke 13:33, Acts 20:15; Acts 21:26; σαββάτῳ , Acts 13:44.
(Cf. ἀν -, προσ -αν -, ἀντ -, ἀπ -, ἐν -, ἐπ -, κατ -, μετ -, παρ -, περι -, προ -, προσ -, συν -, ὑπερ -, ὑπ -έχω .)
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
It may be well to illustrate some of the less usual forms of this common verb. The future σχήσω (cf. Kühner-Blass Gr. I. ii. p. 112 n..3) is restored by the editor in OGIS 751.9 (ii/B.C.) ἐπεὶ θλιβέντες ἐμ πλείοσιν ἀσθενῶς [σχή ]σετε. For the 2 aor. with 1 aor. termination (cf. Acts 7:57 D συνέσχαν) see BGU II. 451.8 (i/ii A.D.) ἀναγκαίως ἔσχαμεν δ [ι ]᾽ ἐπιστολῆς σ ̣ε ̣ ἀσπάσεσθαι, and for ἔσχοσαν cf. OGIS 315.59 (B.C. 164–159) ὑφοψίαν μοχθηράν, ἣν καὶ περὶ τοῦ ἀδελφοῦ ἔσχοσαν. In ib. 223.7 (iii/B.C.) we have αὐτοὶ ἀπολογισάμενοι περί τε τῆς εὐνοίας ἣν διὰ παντὸς εἰσχήκατε εἰς τὴν ἡμετέραν οἰκίαν, and for similar forms see the editor’s note.3 to ib. 323.
For the trans. use of the verb see such passages as P Oxy IV. 743.19 (B.C. 2) εἰ καὶ π [ρ ]ὸς ἄλλους εἶχον πρᾶγμα, βοηθὸν αὐτοῦ γ [ε ]νέσθαι διὰ ἢν ἔχομ ̣ε ̣(ν) πρὸς ἑαυτοὺς φιλίαν, BGU I. 22.8 (A.D. 114) (= Selections, p. 74), which illustrate 1 Corinthians 6:1 : P Leid U 3.20 (1st half ii/B.C.) τέλος ἔχει πάντα παρὲξ τῆς ἐπιγραφῆς, as in Luke 22:37 : and P Petr III. 42 G 9.7 (mid. iii/B.C.) ἐ ]α ̣ν ̣ τινος χρείαν ἔχηις, as in Matthew 9:12. With the metaphorical usage in Mark 16:8, cf. P Giss I. 65 a.4 πα ]ρακαλῶ σε, κύριέ μου, εἰδότα τ [ὴ ]ν [ἔ ]χουσάν με συμφορὰν ἀπολῦσαί μοι κτλ., and BGU II. 380.15 (iii/A.D.) (= Selections, p. 105) οὐδὲν περισότε [ρ ]ον ἔχι σε, ";there is nothing so much the matter with you,"; followed by—εἰ δὲ οἶδες σατῷ, ὅτι ἔχεις ἔτι, γράψον μ ̣ο ̣ι, ";but if you yourself know that matters are still not going well with you, write to me."; In BGU I. 33.6 (ii/iii A.D.) ἐγὼ γὰρ ἐμαυτὸν οὐκ ἔχω εἰ μὴ περαιωθῇ τὸ πρᾶγμα τοῦτο, the verb has the force of ";have rightly or really"; : cf. P Oxy VII. 1020.5 (A.D. 198–201) εἰ τὴν ἐκ τῆς ἡ [λικίας ] ἔχεις β ̣οήθιαν, where the editor translates ";if you can claim the assistance due to immature age,"; and notes that ἔχεις implies ";is rightly yours."; In P Lond 962.3 (A.D. 254 or 261) (= III. p. 210) δέξαι παρ᾽ αὐτοῦ δραχμὰς διακοσίας καὶ ἔχε αὐτὰς εἴς τε περιχωματισμὸν ἢ καὶ λόγον ὀψωνίων, ἔχε = ";spend."; This might give some support to the imper. (as RV marg.) in Matthew 27:65, against which the durative tense is a serious objection. For the phrase γυναῖκα ἔχειν (1 Corinthians 7:2; 1 Corinthians 7:12) see Syll 794 περὶ γε <ι > νεῆς, ἣ (not ἦ as Dittenberger) ἔστα [ι ] ἐκ τῆς γυναικὸς Α [ί ]γλης, τῆς νῦν ἔχει, and cf. P Leid Wviii. 9 (ii/iii A.D.) ἐὰν θέλῃς γυνεκας οὐ μὴ σχεθῆναι ὑπὸ ἄλλου ἀνδρός. The Latinism of Luke 14:18 f. is well illustrated by P Oxy II. 292.6 (c. A.D. 25) (= Selections, p. 37) παρακαλῶ σε. . . ἔχειν αὐτὸν συνεστάμενον, and similarly ib. IV. 787 (A.D. 16), P Giss I. 71.4 (time of Hadrian). For the verb in receipts we may cite Meyer Ostr 10.7 (Ptol.) ἔχουμεν (l. ἔχομεν) παρὰ σοῦ τοῦ (l. τὸ) τέλος, and the much more common aor. in ib. 26.3 (A.D. 118) ἔσχ (ον) ὑπ (ὲρ) λαο (γραφίας) . . . β ̄ς ̄ ῥυπ (αρὰς) δραχ (μάς) : see further Wilcken Ostr i. p. 86, and Archiv i. p. 76 ff. The pres. part. mid. = ";next,"; ";following,"; of time, is seen in P Rev Lxxxiv. 20 (iii/B.C.) ἐν τ [ῶι ἐχο ]μένωι ἐνιαυτῶι, and is = ";adjoining"; of place in P Par 51.5 (B.C. 160) (= Selections, p. 19) ἄν ]θρωπ [ος ] . . . ἐχόμενός μου, and P Tebt I. 86 (late ii/B.C.) where the land of Demetrius is βορρᾶ ἐχομένη to that of Apollonius and νότου ἐχομένη to that of Hermione : see the editors’ Introd. p. 381. For ἐχόμενα used adverbially = ";hard by,"; ";near,"; as in Judges 9:37, see PSI V. 514.8 (B.C. 252–1) εὐθέως δὲ τούτων ἐχόμενα κατάπεμψον τὰ ἐπισταλέντα εἰς τὰ γενέθλια τοῦ βασιλέως.
For the verb used intransitively with an adverb, as in Acts 21:13, 2 Corinthians 12:14, cf. P Lond 42.29 (B.C. 168) (= I.p. 31) ἡ μήτηρ σου τυγχάνει βαρέως ἔχουσα, BGU I. 80.17 (A.D. 158–9) ἡ Σωτηρία ἑτοίμως ἔχουσα καταγράψαι, P Cairo Preis 48.6 (ii/A.D.) καλῶς δ᾽ ἔχει σε ἐνθάδε ἐλθόντα μετ᾽ ἐμοῦ μένειν, the Christian letter P Oxy VI. 939.21 (iv/A.D.) (= Selections, p. 129) εἰ μὴ ἐπινόσως ἐσχήκει τὸ σωμάτιον τότε ὁ υἱὸς Ἀθανάσιος, ";unless my son Athanasius had then been in a sickly state of health,"; and from the inscrr. Michel 543.12 (c. B.C. 200) καλῶς ἔχον ἐσ [τὶ ] τιμᾶσθαι τοὺς εὔνους ἄνδρας, ib. 687.44 (end iii/B.C.) ὅπως ἂν τούτων γενομένων ἔχει καλῶς καὶ εὐσεβῶς τει βουλει καὶ τῶ [ι ] δήμωι τὰ πρὸς τοὺς θεούς. MGr ἔχω : note ἔχει (c. acc.), ";there is,"; ";there are.";
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